What is posterior cervical facet fusion?

The facet joints are paired joints at the back of each spinal segment. In this procedure, implants and bone-graft material are placed across selected cervical facet joints through small posterior incisions. The aim is to stabilize the treated level while bone grows across it.

When is it considered?

Posterior facet fusion may be used as a standalone procedure in selected anatomy, as additional support for another cervical operation or in some revision cases where a previous fusion has not united. The proposed role should be stated clearly because the operation does not solve every cause of neck or arm symptoms.

Limitations and alternatives

The procedure approaches the spine from behind. It may indirectly increase space around a nerve root in selected cases, but it does not directly remove a large disc or bone spur compressing the front of the spinal cord. Depending on the problem, alternatives may include non-surgical care, decompression without fusion, ACDF, disc replacement or a different posterior stabilization technique.

Risks and recovery

Risks include infection, bleeding, nerve-root or spinal-cord injury, implant malposition or movement, failure of the bones to join, persistent symptoms, adjacent-level changes and further surgery. Length of stay and return to activity depend on the number of levels, whether another operation is performed at the same time, bone health and early recovery.

How we approach your care

  1. 01

    Find the true source

    We begin with a thorough history and examination, supported by imaging where appropriate, to pinpoint the precise source of the problem.

  2. 02

    Consider appropriate options

    Where clinically appropriate, we consider established non-surgical options before surgery. The plan depends on the diagnosis, symptoms, health and priorities of the individual patient.

  3. 03

    A plan built around you

    Every step is explained clearly, so you always understand your options and what comes next.

This may help if

  • A cervical level requires posterior stabilization and the anatomy is suitable for facet-based fixation
  • The symptoms, examination and imaging point to the same level
  • The surgeon has explained whether the procedure is standalone, supports another operation or treats a previous non-union

Suitability can only be assessed after reviewing your symptoms, examination, relevant imaging and previous treatment.

Common questions

Is this an alternative to ACDF?

Sometimes, but not for every condition. Posterior facet fusion stabilizes the spine from the back and may provide indirect foraminal decompression in selected cases. It does not directly remove a large disc or bone spur pressing on the front of the spinal cord.

Can it be used after previous cervical surgery?

It may be considered as additional stabilization in selected revision cases, including some non-unions after anterior fusion. The approach depends on the reason the previous operation has not healed or has not controlled the symptoms.

What are the risks?

Risks include infection, bleeding, nerve-root or spinal-cord injury, implant malposition or movement, failure of the bones to join, persistent symptoms, changes at neighbouring levels and further surgery.

Discuss this treatment

A consultation or second opinion can review whether the proposed operation fits your diagnosis, symptoms and imaging.